I-Fiberglass Reinforced Plastics (FRP) iwuhlobo olusha lwezinto eziyinhlanganisela ezakhiwa imikhumbi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960, ezinesisindo esilula, amandla aphezulu, ukumelana nokugqwala, izici zepulasitiki. ukwakhiwa kwezikebhe ezincane nezimaphakathi,Ikakhulukazi eminyakeni yamuva nje, sekusetshenziswe kakhulu ezikebheni, ezikebheni ezinesivinini esikhulu kanye nezikebhe zabagibeli bezivakashi.Leli phepha ligxile ekwakhiweni nasekubunjweni kwemikhumbi ye-FRP - indlela yokungeniswa kwe-resin vacuum.

1 Isingeniso sobuchwepheshe

Indlela yokungenisa i-resin vacuum isesigaxeni esiqinile se-fiber eqinisiwe kusenesikhathi, bese usakaza isikhwama se-vacuum, uhlelo lokupompa lwe-vacuum, lwakha ingcindezi engemihle endaweni yokubunjwa, kusetshenziswa ingcindezi ye-vacuum beka i-resin engagcwalisiwe ngepayipi ibe ungqimba lwe-fiber. ,ukuziphatha kokumanzisa kweresin ye-polyester engagcwalisiwe ye-fiber material,Ekugcineni, isikhunta sonke siyagcwaliswa,impahla yesikhwama se-vacuum iyasuswa ngemva kokwelashwa,futhi umkhiqizo owufunayo utholakala ekubunjweni kwesikhunta.Iphrofayili yayo yobuciko eboniswe ngezansi.

Inqubo ye-vacuum lead-in iwubuchwepheshe obusha bokwakha nokwakha izikebhe ezinosayizi omkhulu ngokusungula isistimu evaliwe endaweni eyodwa eqinile. Njengoba le nqubo yethulwa phesheya, kukhona futhi izinhlobonhlobo zamagama ekuqanjweni kwamagama, njengokungeniswa kwevacuum. ,i-vacuum perfusion,i-vacuum injection, njll.

2.Umgomo wenqubo

Isu elikhethekile lokungenisa i-vacuum lisuselwa kumbono we-hydraulics eyakhiwe yi-French hydraulics Darcy ngo-1855, okungukuthi uMthetho kaDarcy odumile: t=2hl／(2k(AP)),Siphi, isikhathi sokwethulwa kwe-resin, okuyi-resin. kunqunywa ngamapharamitha amane;h i-viscosity ye-resin, eqondisa i-viscosity ye-resin, u-z ubude bokungenisa, ibhekisela ebangeni phakathi kwe-resin inlet kanye ne-outlet, i-AP umehluko wengcindezi, ibhekisela kumehluko wengcindezi phakathi kwangaphakathi nangaphandle kwesikhwama se-vacuum, k ukungena kwe-resin nge-fiber yengilazi kanye nezinto zesemishi. Ngokomthetho ka-Darcy, isikhathi sokungenisa inhlaka silingana nobude bokungenisa kwe-resin kanye ne-viscosity, futhi ngokuphambene ngokulingana nomehluko wengcindezi phakathi nangaphandle kwesikhwama se-vacuum. kanye nokungena kwe-fiber material.

3.Inqubo yezobuchwepheshe

Inqubo ethile yokucubungula ye-ejenti ekhethekile imi kanje.

kuqala,Qala umsebenzi wokulungiselela

Okokuqala, isikhunta sensimbi noma sokhuni senziwe ngokulandela umugqa wokuma nobukhulu bomkhumbi. Ukwelashwa kwangaphakathi kwendawo yokubunjwa kufanele kuqinisekise ukuqina okuphezulu nokucwebezela okuphezulu, futhi unqenqema lwesikhunta kufanele lugcinwe okungenani u-15cm ukwenza lula. ukubekwa kwemichilo yokuvala kanye namapayipi. Ngemva kokuhlanza isikhunta, sebenzisa izinto ezibunjiweyo, ungadlala i-wax ebhodlozayo noma usule amanzi adilikayo.

okwesibili,Faka i-gelcoat ye-hull

Ngokwezidingo zokukhiqizwa komkhumbi, ingaphakathi lesikhunta limbozwe nge-gelcoat resin equkethe umgqugquzeli we-catalyst, engasetshenziswa njenge-gelcoat yomkhiqizo noma i-gelcoat epholishiwe. Uhlobo olukhethwayo yi-phthalate, m-benzene ne-vinyl. isifutho singasetshenziswa ekwakheni.

Tkancane,Isakhiwo esiqinisiwe

Okokuqala, ngokomugqa we-hull kanye nesakhiwo esiyisisekelo, i-reinforcement material kanye ne-skeleton core material iyasikwa ngokulandelana, bese ibekwa esikhunjeni ngokuya ngomdwebo wokubeka kanye nenqubo yokwakha.Umphumela wezinto zokuqinisa kanye nemodi yokuxhuma ekugelezeni kwe-resin isilinganiso kumele sinakwe.

Fngokwethu,I-Layup vacuum axiliary material

Entweni eqinisiwe ebekwe esikhunjeni, indwangu yokukhumula iqala ibekwe, ilandelwe yindwangu yokuphambukisa, bese ekugcineni isikhwama se-vacuum, esihlanganiswe futhi sivalwe ngomugqa wokuvala. Ngaphambi kokuvala isikhwama se-vacuum, cabangela ngokucophelela isiqondiso se-vacuum. i-resin kanye ne-vacuum line.

Fifth,Vacue isikhwama

Ngemuva kokuthi ukufakwa kwezinto ezingenhla sekuqediwe ekubunjweni, i-resin ingeniswa ohlelweni lwe-clamping tube, futhi ipompo ye-vacuum isetshenziselwa ukuvala lonke uhlelo, futhi umoya ohlelweni uyakhishwa ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi jikelele ukuqina komoya kuyahlolwa, futhi indawo evuzayo iyalungiswa endaweni.

Sixth,Ukuhlanganisa isilinganiso se-resin

Ngemva kokuba i-vacuum esikhwameni ifinyelela imfuneko ethile, ngokwezimo zemvelo, ukushuba komkhiqizo, indawo esabalaliswayo, njll., inhlaka, i-ejenti yokwelapha nezinye izinto kunikezwa ngokwengxenye ethile.I-resin elungisiwe kufanele ibe ne-viscosity efanele, efanelekile. isikhathi sejeli kanye nedigri yokwelapha elindelekile.

Okwesikhombisa, Isikhunta i-lead-in resin

I-resin elungisiwe yethulwa empompini yokucindezela, futhi ama-bubbles ku-resin aqedwa ngokuvuselela okugcwele.Khona-ke ama-clamps avulwa ngokulandelana ngokusho kwe-oda yesingeniso, futhi umhlahlandlela we-resin usetshenziswa ngokulungisa njalo ukucindezela kwepompo, njengokulawula ngempumelelo ubukhulu bomzimba womkhumbi.

Eokwesishiyagalombili,Ukuhlanza izingubo zokugqoka

Ngemuva kokuqedwa kokwethulwa kwe-resin, i-hull kufanele isetshenziswe ekubunjweni isikhathi esithile ukuvumela ukuphulukiswa kwe-resin, ngokuvamile okungengaphansi kwamahora angama-24, ubulukhuni bayo be-Bacor bukhulu noma bulingana nama-40 ngaphambi kokudilizwa.Ngemva kokudilizwa, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo ezidingekayo ukuze kugwenywe ukuwohloka. Ngemva kokuqiniswa okuphelele, ukuvalwa kwegobolondo nokufakwa kwempahla kwaqala.

4 Ukuhlaziywa kwezinzuzo kanye nokubi kobuchwepheshe benqubo

 A.izinzuzo zenqubo yobuchwepheshe

Njengohlobo olusha lobuchwepheshe bokubumba ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi ye-FRP, indlela yokufaka i-vacuum inezinzuzo ezinhle kunenqubo yendabuko yokunamathisela ngesandla.

A1 Amandla esakhiwo se-Hull athuthukiswe ngempumelelo

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha, isikebhe, iziqinisekiso, izakhiwo zesemishi nokunye okufakiwe komkhumbi kungabekwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ubuqotho bomkhiqizo namandla esakhiwo somkhumbi. Endabeni efanayo eluhlaza. impahla, uma iqhathaniswa nesikhumba esinamathiselwe ngesandla, amandla, ukuqina nezinye izici zomzimba zesikebhe esakhiwe inqubo yokwethulwa kwe-resin vacuum zinganyuswa ngaphezu kuka-30% -50%, okuhambisana nentuthuko enkulu yemikhumbi yesimanje ye-FRP.

Isikebhe se-A2 ukuze ulawule ngempumelelo isisindo somkhumbi

Umkhumbi we-FRP okhiqizwe ngenqubo yokwethulwa kwe-vacuum unokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-fiber, i-porosity ephansi nokusebenza komkhiqizo ophezulu, ikakhulukazi ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla e-interlaminar, okuthuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kokulwa nokukhathala komkhumbi. umkhumbi owakhiwe nge-vacuum lead-in indlela unganciphisa ngempumelelo isisindo sesakhiwo.Lapho kusetshenziswa ukwakheka okufanayo kongqimba, ukusetshenziswa kwe-resin kungancishiswa ngo-30%, imfucuza incane, futhi izinga lokulahleka kwe-resin lingaphansi kuka-5. %.

I-A3 Izinga lemikhiqizo yomkhumbi ilawulwe ngempumelelo

Uma kuqhathaniswa nokunamathisela okwenziwa ngesandla, ikhwalithi yomkhumbi ayithinteki kangako ku-opharetha, futhi kunezinga eliphezulu lokungaguquguquki noma ngabe umkhumbi noma iqoqo lemikhumbi. ngokwenani elishiwo ngaphambi komjovo we-resin, futhi isilinganiso se-resin asishintshi, ngokuvamile si-30% ~ 45%, kuyilapho okuqukethwe kwe-resin ye-hull enamathiselwe ngesandla ngokuvamile ku-50% ~ 70%, ngakho-ke ukufana nokuphindaphinda umkhumbi ungcono kakhulu kunomkhumbi onamathiselwe ngesandla.Ngasikhathi sinye, ukunemba komkhumbi okhiqizwa yile nqubo kungcono kunomkhumbi onamathiselwe ngesandla, ukucaba kwendawo yesikebhe kungcono, futhi imanuwali kanye impahla yenqubo yokugaya nokudweba iyancipha.

A4 Indawo yokukhiqiza yefekthri ithuthukiswe ngempumelelo

Inqubo ye-vacuum lead-in iyinqubo yesikhunta esivaliwe, izinhlanganisela eziphilayo ezishintshashintshayo kanye nezinto ezingcolisa umoya ezinobuthi ezikhiqizwa phakathi nayo yonke inqubo yokwakha zivalelwe esikhwameni se-vacuum. Kuphela kumshini wokukhipha imfucumfucu (isihlungi) kanye nokuxuba inhlaka uma kunenani elincane. eguquguqukayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nemvelo yendabuko yokunamathisela okwenziwa ngesandla evulekile, indawo yokwakhiwa kwesiza isithuthukiswe kakhulu, ivikela ngempumelelo izisebenzi ezakha indawo efanele impilo yomzimba nengqondo.

B,Ukushiyeka kobuchwepheshe benqubo

B1Ubuchwepheshe bokwakha bunzima

Inqubo yokufaka umthofu we-vacuum ihlukile kunenqubo yendabuko yokunamathisela ngesandla, kuyadingeka ukuklama umdwebo wokubeka wezinto ze-fiber, umdwebo wesakhiwo sesistimu ye-diversion tube kanye nenqubo yokwakha ngokuningiliziwe ngokuya ngemidwebo.I-paving zezinto zokuqinisa kanye nokubekwa kwe-diversion medium, i-diversion tube kanye ne-vacuum sealing material kumele kuqedwe ngaphambi kokuhola kwe-resin. Ngakho-ke, emikhunjini emincane, isikhathi sokwakha side kunobuchwepheshe bokunamathisela ngesandla.

Izindleko zokukhiqiza ze-B2 ziphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa

Inqubo ekhethekile yokungenisa i-vacuum inezidingo eziphezulu ekungeneni kwezinto ze-fiber, ezingasebenzisa indwangu eqhubekayo ezwakalayo ne-unidirectional enezindleko eziphezulu zeyunithi.Ngaso leso sikhathi, i-vacuum futha, ifilimu yesikhwama se-vacuum, i-diversion medium, indwangu yokubhidliza kanye ne-diversion tube nokunye. izinto ezisizayo zidinga ukusetshenziswa enqubweni yokwakha, futhi eziningi zazo ziyalahlwa, ngakho-ke izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu kunenqubo yokunamathisela ngesandla.Kodwa uma umkhiqizo umkhulu, umehluko uba mncane.

B3 Kunezingozi ezithile ohlelweni

Izici zenqubo yokugcwalisa i-vacuum inquma ukubunjwa kwesikhathi esisodwa kokwakhiwa komkhumbi, onezidingo eziphezulu zomsebenzi ngaphambi kokugcwaliswa kwe-resin.Inqubo kufanele yenziwe ngokuhambisana ngokuqinile nenqubo yokugcwaliswa kwe-resin.Inqubo ngeke ibuyele emuva. ngemuva kokuthi ukugcwaliswa kwe-resin kuqale, futhi sonke isikebhe sizochithwa kalula uma ukugcwaliswa kwe-resin kwehluleka.Okwamanje, ukuze kube lula ukwakhiwa nokunciphisa ubungozi, izikhungo zemikhumbi ezijwayelekile zisebenzisa ukwakheka kwe-vacuum okuyizigaba ezimbili komzimba nohlaka lwamathambo.

5 Isiphetho

Njengobuchwepheshe obusha bokwakha nokwakha imikhumbi ye-FRP, inqubo yokungenisa i-vacuum inezinzuzo eziningi, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwemikhumbi enezinga elikhulu, isivinini esikhulu namandla aqinile, angeke athathelwe indawo. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwendlela yokwakha ukungenisa kwe-vacuum resin, ukuncishiswa kwezindleko zempahla eluhlaza kanye nokukhula kwesidingo senhlalo, ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi ye-FRP kancane kancane kuzoshintshela ekubumbeni ngomshini, futhi indlela yokungenisa i-resin vacuum yokungenisa izosetshenziswa kabanzi kumafekthri amaningi.Umthombo: Ubuchwepheshe Bezinto Ezihlanganisiwe.

Mayelana NATHI

I-Hebei Yuniu Fiberglass Manufacturing Co., LTD.Sikhiqiza futhi sithengise imikhiqizo ye-e-type fiberglass,Uma kukhona izidingo, sicela usithinte ngokukhululekile.